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Wayzata World Factbook 1996
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The World Factbook - 1996 Edition - Wayzata Technology (3079) (1996).iso
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Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic Front (FPMR)
Description
Original FPMR was founded in 1983 as armed wing of Chilean Communist Party
and named for hero of Chile's war of independence against Spain. Group
splintered into two factions in late 1980s, one of which became a political
party in 1991.
Activities
FPMR/D frequently attacks civilians and international targets, including US
businesses and Mormon churches. In 1993, FPMR/D bombed two McDonalds'
outlets and a Kentucky Fried Chicken franchise. Successful government
counterterrorist operations have significantly undercut organization.
Strength
Now believed to have fewer than 500 members.
Location/Area of Operation
Chile.
External Aid
None.
Selected Incident Chronology
March 1984 - Carried out simultaneous bombing attacks in Santiago,
Valparaiso, Concepcion, and San Antonio. Considerable
property damage was done, seven people were injured,
and dozens were arrested in riots that followed.
April 1984 - Bombed a Santiago subway station, wounding 20.
August 1984 - Bombed the U.S. Cultural Center in Valparaiso and two
U.S. businesses in Santiago as part of a series of bomb
attacks throughout central Chile.
December 1984 - Kidnaped the assistant director of a pro-Government
newspaper.
March 1985 - Bombed offices of two U.S. banks, Citibank and Republic
National, along with several Chilean facilities in
Santiago and other cities.
January 1986 - Believed responsible for the bombing of the US-Chilean
Cultural Institute in Vina del Mar.
April 1986 - Blacked out major portions of central Chile in an attack
on electrical power facilities.
April 1986 - Detonated a bomb by the perimeter wall of the U.S.
Ambassador's residence in Santiago.
August 1986 - Kidnaped a Chilean Army colonel - the first abduction
of a high-ranking military officer since the 1973 coup.
He was released three days later.
August 1986 - Arms caches containing more than 3,100 weapons of U.S.
and other manufacture were discovered in the area of
Copiapo and Santiago. Witnesses presented by the
Chilean Government indicate the weapons were smuggled
ashore from Cuban fishing trawlers off the coast
of Chile.
September 1986 - Attempted to assassinate Chilean President Pinochet.
Weapons used were of the same type found in the
arms caches.
November 1986 - Conducted a series of dynamite attacks against power
lines, blacking out the main cities in central and
southern Chile.
February-March 1987 - Set off dynamite explosions at pylons and
towers of the national high-voltage power
network, blacking out areas of Santiago,
Valparaiso, and Vina del Mar. March incident
occurred as President Pinochet spoke on radio
and television.
April 1987 - Santiago police deactivated a powerful bomb discovered
in the office of the prosecutor who tried 14 FPMR
members and held them for five months.
April 1987 - Gunmen briefly seized control of eight radio stations
in four cities with the objective of playing a
clandestine broadcast, ending a self-proclaimed truce
during the visit of Pope John Paul II. An off-duty
guard was killed attempting to stop the gunmen's escape.
May 1987 - Detonated bombs that destroyed four high-tension towers,
resulting in a general power outage at Copiapo and
Valdivia.
June 1987 - Conducted a machinegun and bomb attack at a Santiago
printing company, injuring three. Two other incidents
that day at two National Intelligence Center barracks
caused little damage and no injuries.
June 1987 - Ambushed police patrol cars in Santiago with machineguns
and firebombs. These separate evening attacks wounded
two policemen and several passersby.
June 1987 - Staged several machinegun, bomb, and firebomb attacks
against police, pro-Government media, and Government
offices in Santiago and Talca, causing five injuries and
costly damage. Although the FPMR attempted to use
rockets in three incidents, two were deactivated before
being remotely fired and one failed to explode when
triggered. (The June attacks may have been retaliatory
for the killing of 12 FPMR members by security agents on
June 16.)
July 1987 - Four gunmen shot and killed a policeman waiting for a bus
on a Santiago street. (Possible FPMR responsibility.)
September 1987 - Kidnaped Chilean Army Lieutenant Colonel Carlos Carreno
in Santiago. He was released in December 1987 in Sao
Paulo, Brazil.
June 1990 - Assassinated Police Col. Luis Fontaine, former head of
the antiterrorist department.
February 1991 - Launched crude nonexplosive rockets at the
Israeli Embassy and Ambassador Daniel Mokady's
residence in apparent simpathy towards Iraq.
July 1992 - The three alleged members of the left-wing Manuel
Rodriguez Patriotic Front, arrested in October
1986, were sentenced to life in prison.